Фахрутдинова Лилия Раифовна, доктор психологических наук, профессор кафедры общей психологии Института психологии и образования
г. Казань
Lilia R. Fakhrutdinova, Dr. Sci. (Psychology), Full Professor of the Department of General Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education
Kazan
Шауамри Т.М. Салах, аспирант кафедры общей психологии Института психологии и образования
г. Казань
Salakh T.M. Shauamri, postgraduate student of the Department of General Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education
Kazan
В данной работе представлены результаты исследования психологических закономерностей развития этнического самосознания и межэтнических отношений многонационального региона Левант, где в последние годы отмечается межэтническое противостояние палестинцев и израильтян. Цель исследования – изучить взаимосвязи характеристик этнического самосознания и переживания межэтнических отношений палестинских мусульман в многонациональном регионе Левант. Для анализа этнического самосознания применялся тест Лири, опросник «Семантический дифференциал переживания» Л.Р. Фахрутдиновой, предназначенный для определения психосемантических характеристик переживания. Исследование показало, что этническое самосознание является саморазвивающимся феноменом, на который влияют как внутриструктурные соотношения и позиции этнического самосознания, так и процессы, обусловленные контактами с внешней средой, прежде всего с другими этническими группами, что позволяет установить, какие из характеристик этнического самосознания наиболее активно ведут к развитию национальной идентичности.
This paper presents the results of analyzing the psychological patterns of the development of ethnic identity and interethnic relations in the multinational Levant Region, where interethnic confrontation between Palestinians and Israelis has been noted in recent years. The main aim of the research is to reveal the relationship between the characteristics of Ethnic Identity and the Experience (“perezhivanie”) of Interethnic Relations of Palestinian Muslims in the multicultural Levant Region. In the process of investigating into ethnic self-awareness the authors used the Leary Test, the Semantic Diff erential of “Perezhivanie” ‘Experiencing’ Questionnaire by L.R. Fakhrutdinova aimed at studying the psychosemantic characteristics of the “perezhivanie” ‘experiencing’. The research has displayed that Ethnic Identity is a self-developing phenomenon, basically infl uenced by both the infrastructural relations and positions of ethnic self-awareness, and the processes associated with the relations of ethnic self-awareness with the external environment, with other ethnic groups. The most active points of development have been identifi ed. So, in intrastructural relations, they are active as ratios of I-real and I-mirror with a stronger position of I-ideal, since practically all dimensions of I-real and I-ideal (dominance, egoism, suspicion, etc.) have shown signifi cant diff erences that testify to the points and directions of development of ethnic self-awareness; positions in the relationship between the real self and the mirror self also exerted an active infl uence. The points of confl ict of the structures of ethnic self-consciousness were found, where, when the points of development coincided, the direction of development was diff erent. Thus, suspicion, obedience, dependence, friendliness, integrative indicators of dominance and friendliness have shown themselves to be confl ict points refl ecting confl ict zones between the infl uence of an external ethnic group (mirror self) and self-development processes manifested through the ideal self. In the situation of relations with the external environment, the most active was shown by the self-mirror, which infl uences the development of the subjectivity of the ethnic group through the components of the experience of the Palestinian-Israeli crisis. The infl uence of the real self on the characteristics of the “perezhivanie” ‘experiencing’ of the PalestinianIsraeli crisis was also manifested, and therefore, through the components of the “perezhivanie” ‘experiencing’ of this impression on the development of the self-awareness of the ethnic group.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.