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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">minbar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Minbar. Islamic Studies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Minbar. Islamic Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9569</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Islamic Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31162/2618-9569-2022-15-4-941-965</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">minbar-1166</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ислам как критическая практика: молодые мусульмане размышляют о своем религиозном становлении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Islam as Critical Practice: Young Muslims Discuss their Religious Development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5295-9649</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насибуллов</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasibullov</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Камиль Исхакович Насибуллов, кандидат психологических наук, доцент кафедры теологии; член Ассоциации психологической помощи мусульманам</p><p>г. Болгар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kamil I. Nasibullov, Cand. Sci. (Psychology), Associate Professor of Theology Department, Member of the Association of Psychological Assistance to Muslims</p><p>Kazan</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rtkamil@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Болгарская исламская академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bolgar Islamic Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>941</fpage><lpage>965</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Насибуллов К.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Насибуллов К.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nasibullov K.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1166">https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1166</self-uri><abstract><p>В общественном сознании современной России религия представляется преимущественно консервативной силой, направленной на консолидацию социума на основе общих ценностей. В то же время религии в истории человеческой цивилизации нередко выступали в качестве мощной политической силы, которая побуждала людей к осуществлению значительных социальных преобразований. Подход, учитывающий это двойственное значение религии, был реализован в рамках Франкфуртской школы критической теории (М. Хоркхаймер и др.), а также в концепциях ряда исламских интеллектуалов «левого» толка, таких как Г. Джемаль и Ф. Исак. Эти мыслители подчеркивали, что религия в отдельные исторические периоды могла быть силой освобождения, действующей в интересах наиболее угнетенных слоев общества, в другие же, напротив, способствовать угнетению и поддерживать интересы властных элит. В статье представлены результаты качественного исследования особенностей религиозного становления молодых российских мусульман с опорой на методологию критической социальной психологии. Полученные результаты показывают, что их религиозное обращение предваряется критическим переосмыслением собственного образа жизни. Вместе с тем критическая установка с принятием ислама не исчезает. Возникший антагонизм между прежним «светским» и нынешним исламским образом жизни лишь укрепляется благодаря противопоставлению социальной позиции мусульман и «светского» большинства, а первоначальное недовольство условиями собственной жизни постепенно трансформируется в более масштабную социальную критику и требование преобразований.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In modern Russia, religion is seen as a conservative social force aimed at consolidating society on the basis of common values. At the same time, as human history shows, religions often acted as a powerful political force, leading to great social transformations. Such a dual approach to religion was embodied in the views of the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory (M. Horkheimer and others), as well as a number of Islamic intellectuals of the "left" wing, such as G. Jemal and F. Isak. These thinkers emphasized that religion in certain historical periods could be a liberating force acting in the interests of the most oppressed members of society, while in others, on the contrary, it could promote oppression and support the interests of power elites. The paper presents the results of studies of young Russian Muslims based on the methodology of critical social psychology, which develops the views of the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory. The results show that a person's religious conversion is preceded by a critical rethinking of his own way of life, which was also noted in earlier studies conducted among representatives of Christianity and Judaism. At the same time, it was found that the critical attitude does not disappear with the adoption of Islam. The antagonism between the former “secular” and the current Islamic way of life is only strengthened by the opposition of the social position of Muslims and the “majority”. Initial dissatisfaction with the conditions of one's own life is transformed into a larger social criticism.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Франкфуртская школа</kwd><kwd>ислам</kwd><kwd>Татарстан</kwd><kwd>религиозное обращение</kwd><kwd>критическая теория</kwd><kwd>теология освобождения</kwd><kwd>психология религии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Frankfurt School</kwd><kwd>Islam</kwd><kwd>Tatarstan</kwd><kwd>religious conversion</kwd><kwd>critical theory</kwd><kwd>liberation theology</kwd><kwd>psychology of religion</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, проект № 20-013-00536</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was prepared within the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project № 20-013-00536.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">«Ислам, имеющий мирную и добрую сущность»: дискурс о традиционном исламе в среде тюрок-мусульман европейской части России и Крыма. 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