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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">minbar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Minbar. Islamic Studies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Minbar. Islamic Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9569</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Islamic Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31162/2618-9569-2023-16-4-763-779</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">minbar-1309</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исламские догматические тексты в переводе «Гистории управления настоящаго империи Оттоманской» П.А. Толстого: первая фиксация азана в русской книжности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Islamic dogmatic texts in Pyotr Tolstoy’s translation of «The History of the Present State of the Ottoman Empire»: the first fixation of adhan in Russian literature</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1095-0187</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пентковская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pentkovskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Викторовна Пентковская, доктор филологических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры русского языка филологического факультета </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Pentkovskaya, Dr. Sci. (Philology), Docent, Full Professor of the Russian Language Department of the Faculty of Philology </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">slav_fil@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>763</fpage><lpage>779</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пентковская Т.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пентковская Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pentkovskaya T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1309">https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1309</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается ставшая первой фиксация текста азана на русской почве, которая находится в сочинении под названием «Гистория управления настоящаго империи Оттоманской». Это перевод трактата Поля Рико «The History of the Present State of the Ottoman Empire», выполненный с итальянской версии Петром Толстым во время его пребывания в Османской империи в 1702–1714 гг. Уже в английском издании трактата 1686 года имеются ошибки в транслитерации арабского текста азана, а смысл его передан не полностью. Для английского читателя были переведены только такбир и шахада, то есть наиболее характерные догматические формулы, с которыми европейцы могли быть знакомы и по другим источникам. Число транслитерационных ошибок увеличилось во французском и в итальянском переводах. В польском переводе ошибки транслитерации были исправлены, однако лакуна в передаче содержания не восполнена. П.А. Толстой, не являясь востоковедом, не предпринимает попыток критически осмыслить искаженную передачу арабских фрагментов в итальянском переводе «Гистории» и восполнить недостающие в переводе чтения, например, привлекая информаторов, знавших язык и основные догматы ислама. Не делается этого и при повторной подготовке русского перевода к печати в 1741 году, причем польский перевод, точечно использовавшийся в это время для сверки, в данном случае привлечен не был. Предшествующий опыт передачи основных исламских формул также остается незнакомым Толстому, что неудивительно, учитывая их фрагментарность и окказиональность.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses supposedly the first fixation of the text of the adhan in Russian literature, which is found in the Russian translation of Paul Ricaut's treatise entitled «The History of the Present State of the Ottoman Empire». This translation was made from the Italian version by Pyotr Tolstoy during his stay in the Ottoman Empire in 1702–1714. Already in the English edition of the treatise of 1686 there are errors in the transliteration of the Arabic text of adhan, and its meaning is not fully conveyed. For the English reader, only takbir and shahada were translated, that are the most characteristic dogmatic formulae that Europeans could be familiar with from the other sources. The number of transliteration errors has increased in French and Italian translations. In the Polish translation, transliteration errors were corrected, but the gap in the transmission of content was not filled. Pyotr Tolstoy, not being an orientalist, did not make an attempt to critically comprehend the distorted transmission of Arabic fragments in the Italian translation of Historia and did not fill in the missing readings in the translation, for example, by attracting informants who knew the language and basic tenets of Islam. This is also not done during the re-preparation of the Russian translation for publication in 1741, and the Polish translation, which was partly used at that time for verification, was not referred in this case. Previous experiences of transmitting basic Islamic formulae also remain unfamiliar to Tolstoy, which is not surprising, given their fragmentation and occasional nature.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Османская империя</kwd><kwd>Поль Рико</kwd><kwd>Петр Толстой</kwd><kwd>множественные переводы</kwd><kwd>азан</kwd><kwd>шахада</kwd><kwd>такбир</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>The Ottoman Empire</kwd><kwd>Paul Rycaut</kwd><kwd>Pyotr Tolstoy</kwd><kwd>multiple translations</kwd><kwd>Adhan</kwd><kwd>Shahadah</kwd><kwd>Takbir</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках проекта РНФ № 23-28-00314 «Языковая личность в Петровскую эпоху: П.А. 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