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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">minbar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Minbar. Islamic Studies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Minbar. Islamic Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9569</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Islamic Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31162/2618-9569-2023-16-4-859-870</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">minbar-1315</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие богословских традиций мусульман Поволжья и Приуралья в XVIII – нач. XX в.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of the theological traditions of Muslims in the Volga region and the Urals in the 18th – early 20th centuries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-3233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фатхуллин</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fatkhullin</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фатхуллин Рамис Альбертович, аспирант, кафедра религиоведения Института социально-философских наук и массовых коммуникаций, Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет, г. Казань, Российская Федерация; заместитель начальника Центра межрелигиозного диалога </p><p>Болгар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ramis A. Fatkhullin, Postgraduate Student, Department of Religious Studies, Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communications, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, the Russian Federation; Deputy Head of the Interreligious Dialogue Center</p><p>Bolgar</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ramismuslim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Болгарская исламская академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bolgar Islamic Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>859</fpage><lpage>870</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фатхуллин Р.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фатхуллин Р.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fatkhullin R.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1315">https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1315</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность исследования связана с изучением развития богословских традиций мусульман Поволжья и Приуралья в период XVIII – нач. XX в., который характеризовался смягчением религиозно-национальной политики. Это позволило сместить фокус теологических исследований на решение внутриобщинных вопросов, на преодоление отсталости мусульманского населения от иноверческого окружения и возрождение национально-культурных традиций. Основными инструментами выступили иджтихад (право на самостоятельное обращение к первоисточникам ислама) и его дихотомия – таклид, а также борьба с порицаемым религиозным нововведением – ересью (бид‘а). При этом иджтихад и таклид необходимо рассматривать как два достаточно гибких инструмента для решения современных вопросов, поскольку каждый из них апеллирует к исламским первоисточникам (Корану и Сунне), но в случае таклида берется понимание религиозного авторитета.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Тhe relevance of the study is connected with the study of the development of the theological traditions of Muslims in the Volga and Urals regions in the 18th – early 20th centuries, which was characterized by softening of religious and national policies. This made it possible to shift the focus of theological research on solving intra-community issues, overcoming the backwardness of the Muslim population from the heterodox environment and reviving national and cultural traditions. The main tools were ijtihad (the right to independently turn to the primary sources of Islam) and its dichotomy known as taqlid as well as the fight against a condemned religious innovation known as heresy (bid‘a). Ijtihad and taqlid must be considered as two fairly flexible tools for solving modern issues, since each of them appeals to Islamic primary sources (to the Quran and Sunnah), while taqlid supposes the understanding of religious authority.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ислам</kwd><kwd>иджтихад</kwd><kwd>таклид</kwd><kwd>шариат</kwd><kwd>мазхаб</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Islam</kwd><kwd>ijtihad</kwd><kwd>taqlid</kwd><kwd>Sharia</kwd><kwd>madhhab</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кемпер М. Суфии и Ученые в Татарстане и Башкортостане. Исламский дискурс под русским господством. Пер. с немецкого. 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