<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">minbar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Minbar. Islamic Studies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Minbar. Islamic Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9569</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Islamic Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31162/2618-9569-2024-17-1-45-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">minbar-1341</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мухаджирство ногайцев в Османскую империю на фоне Кавказской войны</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nogai muhajirism to the Ottoman empire during the Caucasian war</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0276-7877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савкатов</surname><given-names>З. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savkatov</surname><given-names>Z. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савкатов Залимхан Кайрадинович, аспирант Института подготовки кадров Высшей квалификации</p><p>г. Пятигорск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zalimkhan K. Savkatov, Postgraduate at the Institute of Higher Qualification Training</p><p>Pyatigorsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zalimhan.savkatov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пятигорский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pyatigorsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Савкатов З.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Савкатов З.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Savkatov Z.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1341">https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1341</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной статье освещаются трагичные обстоятельства массового переселения ногайцев в Османскую империю на фоне Кавказской войны. В первой части статьи раскрываются значение слова «хиджра», ее условия, особенности упоминания в Священном Коране. Далее рассматривается исторический контекст положения ногайцев в указанный период. Особое внимание уделено экономическим, политическим, религиозным причинам миграции кочевников, которые вопреки общепринятому мнению не сводятся только лишь к исходу войны, если учесть малочисленное участие ногайцев в боевых действиях. Автор попытался осветить проблему с разных сторон и ответить на вопрос, уместно ли называть данное переселение термином «мухаджирство», который используется в российской историографии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article is devoted to tragic circumstances of the major Nogai migration to the Ottoman Empire in the end of the Caucasian war. The ﬁrst part says about the term “hĳra”, its meaning, conditions and other characteristics according to the Quran. Then it comes to the historic context of this event, the political position of Nogai in this period. Particular attention is paid to the economic, political and religious causes of the nomads’ relocation which are not dictated by just the result of the war given their minor participation in the military operations. The author made an attempt to consider theological justiﬁcation of the terms “hĳra” and “muhajirism” as well as their appropriate usage in Russian historical science.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мухаджирство</kwd><kwd>мухаджир</kwd><kwd>хиджра</kwd><kwd>переселение в Турцию</kwd><kwd>Кавказская война</kwd><kwd>колонизация Кавказа</kwd><kwd>ногайцы</kwd><kwd>миграция</kwd><kwd>Османская империя</kwd><kwd>ногайские беженцы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>muhajirism</kwd><kwd>muhajir</kwd><kwd>hij ra</kwd><kwd>migration to Turkey</kwd><kwd>the Caucasian war</kwd><kwd>colonization of the Caucasus</kwd><kwd>the Russian Empire</kwd><kwd>Nogais</kwd><kwd>relocation</kwd><kwd>the Ottoman Empire</kwd><kwd>Nogai refugees</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ялбулганов А.А. Ногайцы Северного Кавказа в XVIII – первой половине XIX вв. (проблемы социально-экономического строя): автореф. дисс . канд. ист. наук. М., 1995. 24 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jalbulganov A.A. Nogaytsy Severnogo Kavkaza v XVIII – pervoy polovine XIX vv. (problemy sotsial’no-ekonomicheskogo stroya): avtoref. diss . kand. ist. nauk [Nogais of the North Caucasus in the 18th and the ﬁrst half of the 19th centuries (problems of the socio-economic system): Abstract of a Candidate in Historical Sciences Thesis]. Moscow, 1995. 24 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кочекаев Б.Б. Ногайско-русские отношения в XV–XVIII веках: дисс . д-ра ист. наук. Алма-Ата, 1988. 272 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kochekaev B.B. Nogaysko-russkie otnosheniya v XV–XVIII vekakh: diss d-ra ist. nauk [Nogai-Russian relations in the 15th and 18th centuries: Doctor of Historical Sciences Thesis]. Alma-Ata, 1988. 272 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бентковский И.В. Историко-статистическое обозрение инородцев-магометан, кочующих в Ставропольской губернии. Материалы для истории колонизации Северного Кавказа. Ч. 1. Ногайцы. Ставрополь: тип. Губ. прав.; 1883. 134 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bentkovsky I.V. Istoriko-statisticheskoe obozrenie inorodtsev-magometan, kochuyushchikh v Stavropol’skoy gubernii. Materialy dlya istorii kolonizatsii Severnogo Kavkaza [Historical and statistical review of Muslim foreign nomads in Stavropol province. Materials on the history of the North Caucasus colonization]. Part 1. Nogajcy. Stavropol: Gub. Prav. Press; 1883. 134 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Калмыков И.Х. Ногайцы: Историко-этнографический очерк. Черкесск: Ставропольское книжное издательство Карачаево-Черкесское отделение; 1988. 232 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalmykov I.Kh. Nogaytsy: Istoriko-etnograﬁcheskiy ocherk [Nogais: Historical and ethnographic essay]. Cherkessk: Stavropol book publishing house; 1988. 232 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Трепавлов В.В. История Ногайской Орды. М.: Восточная литература РАН; 2002. 752 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trepavlov V.V. Istoriya Nogayskoy Ordy [History of the Nogai horde]. Moscow: The Russian Academy of Sciences Oriental Literature Press; 2002. 752 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Трепавлов В.В. «Орда самовольная»: кочевая империя ногаев XV–XVII вв. М.: Квадрига; 2014. 224 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trepavlov V.V. “Orda samovol’naya”: kochevaya imperiya nogaev XV–XVII vv. [Horde “self-willed”. The Nomadic Empire of the Nogais. XV-XVI centuries.] Moscow: Kvadriga Press; 2014. 224 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Меховский М. Трактат о двух Сарматиях. Аннинский С.А. (пер. и комм.). Л.: Акад. наук СССР; 1936. 288 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mekhovsky M. Traktat o dvukh Sarmatiyakh [Treatise on two Sarmatias]. Anninskiy S.A. (tr. and komm.). Leningrad: the SSSR Academy of Sciences Press; 1936. 288 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коран. Шидфар Б.Я. (пер. с араб. и коммент.). М.: Изд. Дом Марджани; 2012. 608 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koran [The Holy Quran]. Shidfar B.Ya. (tr. from Arabic and comment.). Мoscow: Mardzhani Publishing House; 2012. 608 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Али-Заде А.А. Исламский энциклопедический словарь. М.: Ансар; 2007. 340 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ali-zade A.A. Islamskiy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar’ [Islamic Encyclopedic Dictionary]. Moscow: Ansar Press; 2007. 340 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Джумагулова А.Т. Ногайцы Северного Кавказа, Крыма и Северного Причерноморья в социально-политических и экономических коллизиях XVIII – 60-х гг. XIX вв. Пятигорск: РИА-КМВ; 2019. 248 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzhumagulova A.T. Nogaytsy Severnogo Kavkaza, Kryma i Severnogo Prichernomor’ya v sotsial’no-politicheskikh i ekonomicheskikh kolliziyakh XVIII – 60-kh gg. XIX vv. [Nogais of the North Caucasus, Crimea and the Northern Black Sea region in the socio-political and economic conﬂicts of the 18th and 60s. of the 19th centuries]. Pyatigorsk: RIA-KMV Press; 2019. 248 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алиева С.И. Ногайцы Северо-Западного Кавказа в исторических процессах XVIII – начала XX в.: дисс. канд. ист. наук. Краснодар, 2000. 272 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alieva S.I. Nogaytsy Severo-Zapadnogo Kavkaza v istoricheskikh protsessakh XVIII – nachala XX v. [Nogais of the North-Western Caucasus in the historical processes of the 18th and early 20th centuries]. Krasnodar, 2000. 272 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Броневский С.М. Новейшие географические и исторические известия о Кавказе. Ч. 2. М.: Тип. С. Селивановского; 1823. 465 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bronevsky S.M. Noveyshie geograﬁcheskie i istoricheskie izvestiya o Kavkaze [The latest geographical and historical news about the Caucasus]. Part 2. Moscow: S. Selivanovsky’s Publishing House; 1823. 465 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дебу И.Л. О Кавказской линии и присоединенном к ней Черноморском войске, или Общие замечания о поселенных полках, ограждающих Кавказскую линию, и о соседственных горских народах, собранные действительным статским советником и кавалером Иосифом Дебу с 1816 по 1826 год. СПб.: тип. К. Крайя; 1829. 463 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Debu I.L. O Kavkazskoy linii i prisoedinennom k ney Chernomorskom voyske, ili Obshchie zamechaniya o poselennykh polkakh, ograzhdayushchikh Kavkazskuyu liniyu, i o sosedstvennykh gorskikh narodakh, sobrannye deystvitel’nym statskim sovetnikom i kavalerom Iosifom Debu s 1816 po 1826 god [About the Caucasian line and the Black Sea army, or General remarks about the settled regiments fencing the Caucasian line, and about the neighboring mountain peoples, collected by the actual state councilor and cavalier Joseph Debu from 1816 to 1826]. St. Peterburg: K. Kray’s Printing House; 1829. 463 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кидирниязов Д.С. Взаимоотношения ногайцев с народами Северного Кавказа и Россией в XVI–XIX вв. Махачкала: Издательский дом «Эпоха»; 2003. 216 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kidirniazov D.S. Vzaimootnosheniya nogaytsev s narodami Severnogo Kavkaza i Rossiey v XVI–XIX vv. [Relationships of the Nogais with the peoples of the North Caucasus and Russia in the 16th and 20th centuries]. Mahachkala: Epokha Publishing House; 2003. 216 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сичкарь А.В. Переселение народов Северного Кавказа в Османскую империю (50–60-е г. XIX в.): причины, характер, последствия: дисс .... канд. ист. наук. Владикавказ, 2009. 210 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sichkar A.V. Pereselenie narodov Severnogo Kavkaza v Osmanskuyu imperiyu (50–60-e g. XIX v.): prichiny, kharakter, posledstviya: diss . kand. ist. nauk [Resettlement of the North Caucasus peoples to the Ottoman Empire (50–60s of the 20th century): causes, nature, consequences: Candidate of Historical Sciences Thesis]. Vladikavkaz, 2009. 210 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дзагуров Г.А. Переселение горцев в Турцию: Материалы по истории горских народов. Ростов на Дону: Севкавкнига; 1925. 202 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzagurov G.A. Pereselenie gortsev v Turtsiyu: Materialy po istorii gorskikh narodov [Relocation of highlanders to Turkey: Materials on the history of highlanders]. Rostov-on-Don: Sevkavkniga Press; 1925. 202 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Берже А.П. Выселение горцев с Кавказа. Русская старина. 1882;33(1–3):161–176; 337–363.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berzhe A.P. Vyselenie gortsev s Kavkaza [Eviction of highlanders from the Caucasus]. Russkaya starina [Russian antiquity]. 1882;33(1–3):161–176; 337– 363. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Венюков М.И. Очерк пространства между Кубанью и Белой. Записки Императорского Русского Географического Общества. Т. 2. Санкт-Петербург: Типография В. Безобразова и комп; 1863. С. 1–71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Venyukov M.I. Ocherk prostranstva mezhdu Kuban’yu i Beloy [Essay of the space between the Kuban and Belaya rivers]. Zapiski Imperatorskogo Russkogo Geograﬁcheskogo Obshchestva [Notes of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society]. Vol. 2. St. Petersburg: V. Bezobrazov and Co. Publishing; 1863, pp. 1–71. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Касумов А.Х. Разные судьбы. Куантов А.Т. (ред.). Нальчик: Кабардино-Балкарское книжное изд-во; 1967. 89 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kasumov A.H. Raznye sud’by [Diﬀerent fates]. Kuantov A.T. (ed.). Nal’chik: Kabardino-Balkarian book publishing house; 1967. 89 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колесников И.Н., Каспарян К.В. Взаимодействие исламской религии и османского имперского аппарата: освещение в исторических источниках и научной литературе. Конституционно-правовые проблемы в контексте общей теории и истории государства и права. Материалы IV Международной научно-практической студенческой конференции. Пятигорск: Пятигорский государственный университет; 2022. С. 141–148.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolesnikov I.N., Kasparyan K.V. Vzaimodeystvie islamskoy religii i osmanskogo imperskogo apparata: osveshchenie v istoricheskikh istochnikakh i nauchnoy literature. Konstitutsionno-pravovye problemy v kontekste obshchey teorii i istorii gosudarstva i prava [The interaction of the Islamic religion and the Ottoman imperial apparatus: coverage in historical sources and scientiﬁc literature. Constitutional and legal problems in the context of the general theory and history of state and law]. Materialy IV Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy studencheskoy konferentsii [Materials of the IV International Scientiﬁc and Practical Student Conference]. Pyatigorsk: Pyatigorsk State University Press; 2022, pp. 141–148. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
