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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">minbar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Minbar. Islamic Studies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Minbar. Islamic Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9569</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Islamic Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31162/2618-9569-2024-17-2-449-479</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">minbar-1390</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Схематерапия и исламское понимание внутреннего мира человека: концептуальные параллели и пути интеграции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Schema Therapy and Islamic understanding of the inner world of man: conceptual parallels and ways for integration</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1525-8867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яхин</surname><given-names>Ф. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iakhin</surname><given-names>F. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яхин Филюс Флюрович, кандидат юридических наук, магистр психологии, руководитель, член Правления </p><p>г. Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Filius F. Iakhin, Cand. of Sci. (Law), Master of Sciences (Psychology), the Head  and a member of the Board, a practical and clinical Psychologist</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yafilyus@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкортостанское представительство Ассоциации психологической помощи мусульманам</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkortostan Representative Office of the Association of Psychological Assistance to Muslims</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>449</fpage><lpage>479</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яхин Ф.Ф., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яхин Ф.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Iakhin F.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1390">https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1390</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу вопросов, находящихся на стыке схематерапии, исламской теологии и исламской психологии. В ней представлено исследование основных концепций схематерапии в исламском дискурсе и, в частности, предлагается рассмотрение схем как аналога «отпечатков», окутывающих сердце (кальб). И схемы, и эти отпечатки формируются в раннем детстве как результат хорошего или плохого воспитания, а в дальнейшем, во взрослой жизни, развиваются – усиливаются либо ослабевают – как духовные последствия добрых поступков или грехов. Обосновывается, что выработка позитивных схем и изменение, ослабление негативных схем подобны «полировке» или очищению сердца для приведения его в идеальное здоровое состояние, или кальб салим. Схематерапевтическое понятие режимов исследуется в исламском дискурсе через детальное рассмотрение трех типов (частей) нафса. Слово, которым обозначается данное понятие, на русский язык обычно переводится как «душа» или «Я» («сам»). Концепции ан-нафс аль-аммара, ан-нафс аль-ляввама и ан-нафс аль-мутма’инна как виды (части) нафса сравниваются с некоторыми режимами из модели схематерапии (детские режимы, родительские (критикующие) режимы, режим Здорового взрослого). </p><p>Осмысление выявленных в рамках теоретической модели схематерапии механизмов взаимодействия режимов позволило обосновать концепцию о взаимоотношениях частей нафса между собой. Это, в свою очередь, дало возможность выявить наличиерактических задач как индивидуального духовного процесса тазкийат ан-нафс («очищение души»), так и духовно ориентированной психотерапии при работе с клиентами-мусульманами: 1) развивать и укреплять ан-нафс аль-мутма’инна, обеспечивая его знанием и мудростью, прежде всего из исламских источников, и нацеливая его на «лидерство» среди других частей нафса для удержания их в рамках установленных границ и умеренности, а также для помощи кальбу (сердцу) в обретении спокойствия; 2) ориентировать ан-нафс аль-ляввама на выполнение своих изначально заложенных функций (требование воздержания от греховного поведения и исполнения обязанностей), предотвращать его чрезмерную активность и переключать его с деструктивной критики на конструктивную; 3) посредством напоминаний со стороны ан-нафс аль-мутма’инна, а также обоснованных и умеренных требований от ан-нафс аль-ляввама удерживать ан-нафс аль-аммара в границах, установленных Аллахом, в «золотой середине», в рамках исламского принципа васатыййа (умеренности). Это в итоге должно способствовать достижению состояния здорового сердца, или кальб салим, и гармонии нафса с фитрой, то есть с самой сутью человеческой природы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article is located at the intersection of Islamic Psychology, Islamic Theology, and Schema Therapy and provides a thorough investigation of the fundamental schema therapy concepts in an Islamic discourse. The paper presents a study of the basic concepts of Schema Therapy in Islamic discourse and, in particular, suggests the consideration of schemas as an analogue of the "imprints" enveloping the heart (qalb). Both the patterns and these imprints are formed in early childhood as a result of good or bad upbringing, and later, in adulthood, they develop – strengthen or weaken – as the spiritual consequences of good deeds or sins. It is proved that the development of positive schemas and the modification, weakening of negative schemas are like "polishing" or cleansing the heart to bring it into an ideal healthy state, or the so-called “qalb salim”. The notion of modes in schema therapy is examined in Islamic discourse by means of a thorough analysis of the three types (parts) of nafs, which is Russian for "soul" or "I" ("Self").  The concepts of al-nafs al-ammarah, al-nafs al-lawwamah and al-nafs al-mutma’innah as types (parts) of nafs are compared to some modes from the schema therapy model (child modes, parent modes (critics), Healthy Adult mode).</p><p>The conceptualization of the relationship between the components of the nafs was substantiated by comprehending the processes of interaction between modes found within the theoretical model of schema therapy. This enabled the identification of the strategic practical tasks of both the individual spiritual process of tazkiyat al-nafs, which is Arabic for "purification of the soul," and spiritually oriented psychotherapy for Muslim clients: 1) to develop and strengthen al-nafs al-mutma'innah, providing it with knowledge and wisdom, primarily from Islamic sources, and aiming it at "leadership" among other parts of nafs in order to keep them within established boundaries and moderation, as well as to help the qalb (heart) to find peace; 2) to orient al-nafs al-lawwamah to fulfill its originally inherent functions (the requirement of abstinence from sinful behavior and performance of duties), to prevent its excessive activity and switch it from destructive criticism to constructive; 3) through reminders from an-nafs al-mutma'innah, as well as reasonable and moderate demands from an-nafs al-lawwamah to keep an-nafs al-ammarah within the boundaries established by Allah, in the "golden mean", within the framework of the Islamic principle of wasatiyyah (moderation). This should ultimately contribute to achieving a healthy heart, or qalb salim, and harmony of nafs with fitrah, that is known as the very essence of human nature.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>исламская психология</kwd><kwd>схематерапия</kwd><kwd>схема</kwd><kwd>режим</kwd><kwd>потребности</kwd><kwd>кальб</kwd><kwd>нафс</kwd><kwd>фитра</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Islamic psychology</kwd><kwd>schema therapy</kwd><kwd>schema</kwd><kwd>mode</kwd><kwd>needs</kwd><kwd>qalb</kwd><kwd>nafs</kwd><kwd>fitrah</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hodge D.R., Nadir A. Мoving towards culturally competent practice with Muslims: Modifying cognitive therapy with Islamic tenets. Social work. 2008;53:31–41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hodge D.R., Nadir A. 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