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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">minbar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Minbar. Islamic Studies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Minbar. Islamic Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9569</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Islamic Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31162/2618-9569-2025-18-3-615-629</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">minbar-1563</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Зийараты и кладбища округа Оренбургского магометанского духовного собрания как инфраструктурные объекты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ziyarats and cemeteries of the Orenburg Mohammedan Spiritual Assembly district as infrastructural objects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6294-1829</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макаров Дмитрий Витальевич, магистр истории, соискатель ученой степени кандидата теологии, руководитель отдела по работе с общественными организациями Духовного управления мусульман Российской Федерации</p><p>г. Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Makarov, Master of History, Applicant for the degree in Theology, Head of the Department for Work with Public Organizations of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the Russian Federation</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarov-1969@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский исламский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Islamic Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>615</fpage><lpage>629</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макаров Д.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макаров Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makarov D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1563">https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/1563</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу изучения и освещения такого важного элемента инфраструктуры российских мусульман округа Оренбургского магометанского духовного собрания, как зийараты и кладбища. Значительная часть исходного материала получена в ходе работы над серией энциклопедических словарей «Ислам в Российской Федерации», выпускаемой Издательским домом «Медина». Сделан вывод о том, что зийараты и кладбища представляют собой один из важнейших элементов мусульманской инфраструктуры. В таковом качестве они внесли важный, хотя и пока недооцененный вклад в сохранение мусульманской идентичности; особенно выросло их значение в советский период в условиях закрытия и конфискации других элементов инфраструктуры (мечети, система образования, издательская деятельность, СМИ, благотворительные общества и др.). Поднята проблема дальнейшего изучения и сохранения кладбищ и зийаратов как одного из важнейших элементов мусульманской инфраструктуры. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article is dedicated to the analysis of the study and interpretation of a significant element of the infrastructure of Russian Muslims in the Orenburg region, namely ziyarat and cemeteries. The initial material was collected during the compilation of a series of encyclopedic dictionaries entitled "Islam in the Russian Federation," published by Medina Publishing House. It is concluded that ziyarat and cemeteries constitute vital components of Muslim infrastructure. In this context, their role has been significant, although currently underestimated, in preserving Muslim identity. Their importance notably increased during the Soviet era, characterized by the closure and confiscation of various infrastructure elements, including mosques, educational institutions, publishing activities, media outlets, and charitable organizations. This raises the issue of the necessity for further research and the preservation of cemeteries and ziyarat as fundamental components of the Muslim infrastructure.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ислам</kwd><kwd>история</kwd><kwd>зийарат</kwd><kwd>мусульманское кладбище</kwd><kwd>муджавир</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Islam</kwd><kwd>history</kwd><kwd>ziyarat</kwd><kwd>Muslim cemetery</kwd><kwd>mujawir</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абу-н-Насир Абд ан-Насир ал-Курсави. Наставление людей на путь истины. Казань: Татарское книжное издательство; 2005. 304 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abu-n-Nasir Abd an-Nasir al-Kursavi. Nastavleniye lyudey na put istiny [Guiding people in the path of truth]. Kazan: Tatar book publishing house; 2005. 304 p. 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