minbarMinbar. Islamic StudiesMinbar. Islamic Studies2618-95692712-7990Russian Islamic Institute10.31162/2618-9569-2019-12-1-15-33minbar-563Research ArticleИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ. Методология исторического исследованияHISTORY. Methods of historical researchСовременные теории религии в призме системно-коммуникационного подходаModern theories of religion viewed through the prism of the system-communication approachhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2894-2767АликберовА. К.AlikberovA. K.

Аликберов Аликбер Калабекович, кандидат исторических наук, заместитель директора Института востоковедения РАН, г. Москва

Alikber K. Alikberov, Ph. D (Hist.), Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

alikberov@mail.ruИнститут востоковедения РАНРоссияInstitute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2019010620191211533Copyright © Аликберов А.К., 20192019Аликберов А.К.Alikberov A.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.minbar.su/jour/article/view/563

Статья посвящена анализу наиболее влиятельных современных теорий религии. Теория секуляризации (Secularization Theory) связана с классической модернизационной теорией; теория индивидуализации религии (Individualization Theory) – с теориями социального действия (опосредованно), в том числе теорией коммуникативного действия Юргена Хабермаса, теориями индивидуализации и приватизации (непосредственно); теория рыночной модели религии (Market Model of Religion) – с теорией рынка, ориентированной на спрос и предложение (непосредственно) и теорией постиндустриального общества (опосредованно). Кроме того, все большее признание получают теории, апеллирующие к постсекуляризму (Postsecularism), связанные с теорией постиндустриального общества и постнеклассическими (постмодернистскими и постпозитивистскими) подходами. Современные теории религии рассматриваются с точки зрения формирующегося системно-коммуникационного подхода, основными источниками которого являются коммуникативный подход к истории Юргена Хабермаса и теория самореферентных систем Никласа Лумана. Автор предлагает в рамках неоклассической модели научной рациональности перейти от Хабермаса и Лумана к новому пониманию особенностей религиозной коммуникации, рассматриваемой в логике взаимосвязи и взаимозависимости с другими формами коммуникации, прежде всего социальной, политической, этнической и культурной (правовой, этической, эстетической и др.).

The article offers an analysis of the most influential modern theories of religion. The theory of secularization is associated with the classical theory of modernization. The theory of individualization of religion is associated with theories of social action, albeit indirectly. Likewise, it is connected with the theory of communicative action by Jürgen Habermas, and there is also a direct association with theories of individualization and privatization. The theory of the market model of religion is directly associated with the theory of the market for demand and supply, and the theory of post-industrial society is associated with the theory of secularization indirectly. In addition, various theories are gaining recognition. Among them is the postsecularism associated with the theory of postindustrial society, as well as postnonclassical (postmodernist and postpositivist) approach. Modern theories of religion are analysed from the point of view of the emerging system-communication approach, which is based upon the communicative approach theory by Jürgen Habermas, and the theory of self-reference social systems by Niklas Luhmann. The author suggests, while being within the framework of the neoclassical model of scientific rationality, to move away from the theories by Habermas and Luhmann. He suggests a new understanding of religious communication, in terms of its logical interconnection and interdependence with other forms of communication, primarily social, political, ethnic and cultural.

Луман Никласпостсекуляризмрелигиозная коммуникациясистемная теория религиисистемно-коммуникационный подходтеория индивидуализации религиитеория рыночной модели религиитеория секуляризацииХабермас ЮргенHabermas Jürgenreligiontheory of individualizationofLuhmann Niklasreligionmarket model ofpostsecularismreligioncommunication ofsecularizationtheory ofreligiontheory ofReferencesSimmel G. Beiträge zur Erkenntnis theorie der Religion. In: von Kramme R., Rammstedt A., Rammstedt O. (Hg.) Aufsätze und Abhandlungen 1901–1908. Bd. 1. Frankfurt a./M.; 1995. S. 9–20.Simmel G. Beiträge zur Erkenntnis theorie der Religion. In: von Kramme R., Rammstedt A., Rammstedt O. (Hg.) Aufsätze und Abhandlungen 1901–1908. Bd. 1. Frankfurt a./M.; 1995. S. 9–20.Barrett D. V. Sects, “Cults” and Alternative Religions: A World Survey and Sourcebook. London: Blandford; 1996.Barrett D. V. Sects, “Cults” and Alternative Religions: A World Survey and Sourcebook. London: Blandford; 1996.Гирц К. Интерпретация культур. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.