The Rhetoric of Islamist Radical Organizations as a Method of Manipulating the Consciousness of Believers in the Late 20th – Early 21st Centuries
https://doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2024-17-3-678-694
Abstract
The article examines the influence of specific radical movements of Islam on their adherents through the linguistic attitudes. In the introduction, the author examines the general global reasons due to which a person in modern society is especially susceptible to various types of involvement in destructive cults. The main part of the article is devoted to the consideration of practical examples of verbal manipulations used by the Islamists. The paper also mentions extremist and terrorist organizations whose activities are prohibited on the territory of the Russian Federation and discusses their distorted interpretations of classical theological texts. By analyzing specialized literature in Russian and Arabic, as well as empirically, the research reveals the ways to influence the personality of a believer through the language. The author of the publication personally held many meetings in pre-trial detention centers with those under investigation and accused on extremist and terrorist charges and collected a large amount of empirical material. A conclusion is drawn about the main linguistic manipulations of Islamist organizations.
Keywords
UDC: 297
About the Author
Z. A. SharypovRussian Federation
Zakir A. Sharypov, Postgraduate at the Institute of Higher Qualification Training
Pyatigorsk
References
1. Montell A. Sila kul'ta. Chto delaet cheloveka fanatikom i kak etogo izbezhat' [The power of cult. What makes a person a fanatic and how to avoid it]. Moscow: Eksmo Press; 2023. 352 p. (In Russian)
2. Molchanov I. Sekrety destruktivnykh kul'tov i totalitarnykh sekt [Secrets of destructive cults and totalitarian sects]. [Electronic source]. Available at: http://psyfactor.org/sekta.htm (Accessed: 02.04.2024). (In Russian)
3. Stiven Khassen. Osvobozhdenie ot psikhologicheskogo nasiliya [Liberation from psychological violence]. [Electronic source]. Available at: https://libking.ru/books/sci-/sci-psychology/140274-stiven-hassen-osvobozhdenie-ot-psihologicheskogo-nasiliya.html (Accessed: 06.04.2024). (In Russian)
4. Said Kutb. «Lya ilyakha illya Lllakhu – metodologiya zhizni» [“La ilaha illa Allahu – the Methodology of life”]. [Electronic source]. Available at: http://www.al-oglaa.com/index.php?section=article&SubjectID=287 (Accessed: 31.03.2024). (In Russian)
5. Khanaliev N.U. Rol' IGIL v kontekste shiitsko-sunnitskogo protivostoyaniya na Blizhnem Vostoke. [The role of ISIL in the context of the Shiite-Sunni confrontation in the Middle East]. PolitBook [PolitBook]. 2019;1:154–168. (In Russian)
6. Perevod-tafsir Korana “Al'-Muntakhab fi tafsir al'-Kuran al'-Karim” (Al'-Azkhar) [Translation-tafsir of the Quran “Al-Muntahab fi tafsir al-Quran al-Karim” (Al-Azhar)]. [Electronic source]. Available at: https://falaq.ru/quran/munt/3 (Accessed: 02.04.2024). (In Russian)
7. Sidorov D.V. Vakhkhabizm: ponyatie, istoriya i printsipy. Destruktivnoe vliyanie vakhkhabizma na mirovoe i rossiyskoe musul'manskoe soobshchestvo [Wahhabism: concept, history and principles. The destructive influence of Wahhabism on the world and Russian Muslim community]. Postsovetskiy materik [Post-Soviet Continent]. 2015;2(6):110–116. (In Russian)
8. Stiven Khassen. Protivostoyanie sektam i kontrolyu nad soznaniem [Opposition to cults and mind control]. [Electronic source]. Available at: https://azbyka.ru/otechnik/sekty/protivostojanie-sektam-i-kontrolyu-nad-soznaniem/ (Accessed: 20.03.2024). (In Russian)
9. Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj al-Naysaburi. Sahih Muslim [Muslim's collection of reliable hadiths]. Riyadh: al-Afkar al-dawliyyah. 1998. 2933 p. (In Arabic)
10. As-Seyd Akhmad ibn Zeyni Dakhlyan. Zabluzhdenie Vakhkhabitov [Wahhabi Misconception]. Nalchik: Republican Printing Plant named after the Revolution of 1905 Publ.; 2002. 20 p. (In Russian)
11. Al'-Attas S.M.N. Vvedenie v metafiziku islama [Introduction to the Metaphysics of Islam]. Moscow: Institute of Islamic Civilization Publ.; 2019. 410 p. (In Russian)
12. Sadykov R.G. Osnovy islamskoy teologii: monografiya [Fundamentals of Islamic Theology: monograph]. Ufa: Bashkir State Pedagogical University Press; 2020. 216 p. (In Russian)
13. Umanets S.I. Ocherk razvitiya religiozno-filosofskoy mysli v islame [Essay on the development of religious and philosophical thought in Islam]. Moscow: URSS Press; 2018. 164 p. (In Russian)
14. Khorri K. Chto takoe islam. Istoriya i deystvitel'nost' [What is Islam. History and reality]. Saint Petersburg: Amfora Press; 2018. 429 p. (In Russian)
15. Land P. Islam. Religiya, kul'tura, istoriya [Islam. Religion, culture, history]. Moscow: Astrel Press; 2018. 192 p. (In Russian)
16. Maksimov Yu.V. Istoriya religiy [History of religions]. Moscow: Moscow Theological Academy Press; 2018. 176 p. (In Russian)
17. Mukhametshin R.M. Stanovlenie konfessional'noy politiki v Rossii: opyt Tatarstana [The formation of confessional policy in Russia: the experience of Tatarstan]. Politicheskaya ekspertiza: POLITEKS [Political expertise]. 2010;6(2):58–73. (In Russian)
18. Shagaviev D.A. Teologicheskie kontseptsii kak faktor formirovaniya lichnosti religioznogo radikala [Theological concepts as a factor in the formation of the personality of a religious radical]. Protivodeystvie rasprostraneniyu ideologii ekstremizma i terrorizma sredi molodezhi: Materialy Mezhregional'noy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii po profilaktike ekstremizma [Counteracting the spread of the ideology of extremism and terrorism among young people: Proceedings of the Interregional Scientific and Practical Conference on the Prevention of Extremism]. Ufa, May 24, 2017. Ufa: Mir Pechati Publishing House; 2017, рр. 62–69. (In Russian)
19. Mukhametshin R.M. Radikalizatsiya musul'manskogo soobshchestva i formy proyavleniya religioznogo ekstremizma: postanovka problemy [Radicalization of the Muslim community and forms of manifestation of religious extremism: problem statement]. Kazanskiy pedagogicheskiy zhurnal [Kazan pedagogical journal]. 2017;5(124):190–194. (In Russian)
20. Prozorov S.M. Islam kak ideologicheskaya sistema [Islam as an ideological system]. Moscow: Oriental Literature Press; 2018. 362 p. (In Russian)
21. Syukiyaynen L. Rossiyskaya vlast' i islam [Russian government and Islam]. Otechestvennye zapiski [Domestic Notes]. 2003;5(14):305–309. (In Russian)
22. Bogdanova E.N., Grankin Yu.Yu., Mukhametshin R.M. [et al.]. Apologetika monoteizma: monografiya [Apologetics of monotheism: the monograph]. Pyatigorsk: Pyatigorsk State University Press; 2022. 515 p. (In Russian)
23. Gilkrist D. Koran: svyashchennaya kniga musul'man [Quran: the holy book of Muslims]. Kazan: Zaman Press; 1999. 304 p. (In Russian)
Review
For citations:
Sharypov Z.A. The Rhetoric of Islamist Radical Organizations as a Method of Manipulating the Consciousness of Believers in the Late 20th – Early 21st Centuries. Minbar. Islamic Studies. 2024;17(3):678-694. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2024-17-3-678-694