Ibn-Rushd (Averroes). The Incoherence of the Incoherence. Part Three

This series of publications is a translation of selected sections from the book “The Incoherence of the Incoherence” (Tahafut at-Tahafut) of peripatetic philosopher Ibn Rushd (Averroes, d. 1198), written in response to the book of asharite mutakallim al-Ghazali (d. 1111) “The Incoherence of the Philosophers” (Tahafut al-Falasifa).
In this part Ibn Rushd examines the second of two objections raised by al-Ghazali against the main proof for the eternity of the world – “from complete cause” (in Ghazali’s wording, “impossibility of the temporal proceeding from absolute eternity”), as well as his criticism of another proof based on the eternity of time (in two formulations).

1. Ibrahim T., Efremova N.V. Ibn-Rushd (Averroes). The Incoherence of the Incoherence. Part One. Minbar. Islamic Studies. 2020;13(3):605–636. DOI: 10.31162/2618-9569-2020-13-3-605-636 (In Russian)

2. Ibn Rushd. Tahafut at-Tahafut. Beirut: Markaz dirasat al-wahda al-‘arabiyya; 1998. 600 p. (In Arabic)

3. Algazel. Tahāfot al-Falāsifat. Bouyges M. (ed.). Beirut: Impremerie catholique; 1927. 30, 447 p. (In Arabic)

4. al-Ghazali. Tahafut al-Falasifa. Cairo: Dar al-Ma‘arif; 1972. 371 p. (In Arabic)

5. al-Ghazali. Krushenie pozicij fi losofov [The Incoherence of the Philosophers]. Popov I.M. (tr.). Moscow: Ansar; 2007. 277 p. (In Russian)

6. Aristotle. Fizika [Physics]. Sochineniya v chetyryokh tomakh. Т. 3. [Writings in four volumes]. Vol. 3. Moscow: Mysl; 1976, pp. 61–262. (In Russian)

7. Ibrahim T., Efremova N.V. On Ibn Rushd’s critics of Asharite Kalam. Minbar. Islamic Studies. 2018;11(3):553–562. DOI: 10.31162/2618-9569-2018-11-3-553-562 (In Russian)

8. Ibn-Sina. Iscelenie (fragmenty) [The Healing (excerpts)]. Musul’manskaya filosofi ya (fal’safa): antologiya [Muslim philosophy (Falsafa): An Anthology]. Ibrahim T.K., Efremova N.V. (eds). Kazan: Spiritual Directorate of Muslims of the Republic of Tatarstan; 2009, pp. 309–456. (In Russian)

9. Aristotle. Kategorii [The Categories]. Sochineniya v chetyryokh tomakh. T. 2. [Writings in four volumes]. Vol. 2. Moscow: Mysl; 1978, pp. 51–90. (In Russian)

10. Aristotle. O sofi sticheskikh oproverzheniyakh [On Sophistical Refutations]. Sochineniya v chetyryokh tomakh. T. 2. [Writings in four volumes]. Vol. 2. Moscow: Mysl; 1978, pp. 533–593. (In Russian)

11. Aristotle. O nebe [On the Heavens]. Sochineniya v chetyryokh tomakh. T. 3. [Writings in four volumes]. Vol. 3. Moscow: Mysl press; 1976, pp. 263–363. (In Russian)