The Cult of Saints in the Religious Views of the Tatar Jadid Ulama of the late 18th – early 20th century
https://doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2019-12-3-726-742
Abstract
The article discusses the issues of the cult of saints within the theological views of the Tatar Jadid ulama of the late 18th – early 20th centuries. The prominent representatives of this movement – Gabdennasyir Kursavi, Shigabutdin Marjani, Galimajan Barudi, Rizaetdin Fakhretdin, Musa Bigeev – searched for the causes of spiritual, political, social and economic decline, in which Muslims found themselves. These religious representatives believed to fi nd a way out the crisis through the change of Muslim beliefs as well as the rejection from innovations in religion and return to the Qur’an and Sunnah.
They opposed many traditions that existed among the people. In their opinion, these rituals contradicted with the doctrines of Islam including the cult of saints and the institute of saints graves’ guardians. On the other hand, the Jadids regarded reforming the educational system, studying of secular sciences, borrowing modern scientifi c, technological and other achievements from the Europeans as an important condition for the progress of Muslims. This attitude of Tatar theologians favored the establishment of Islamic cultural values and opened up new ways for Russian Muslims to familiarize with the achievements of world civilization.
About the Author
E. Kh. Seidametov
State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Republic of Crimea «Crimean Engineering Pedagogical University»
Russian Federation
Eldar Khalilovich Seidametov, Candidate of Historical Studies, Associate Professor of the Department of History, Head of the Crimean Research Center of the Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Eldar Khalilovich Seidametov, Candidate of Historical Studies, Associate Professor of the Department of History, Head of the Crimean Research Center of the Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
References
1. Al-Kursavi, Abu-n-Nasr ‘Abd an-Nasir. 2005. Nastavlenie lyudey na put’ istiny (al-Irshad li-l-‘ibad) [The instruction of people to the path of truth]. Kazan’: Tatar. kn. izd-vo.
2. Kemper, Mikhael’. 2008. Sufi i i uchenye v Tatarstane i Bashkortostane: islamskiy diskurs pod russkim gospodstvom [Sufi s and scholars in Tatarstan and Bashkortostan: Islamic discourse under Russian rule]. Kazan’: Rossiyskiy islamskiy universitet.
3. Khakimov, Rafael’. 2010. Dzhadidizm (reformirovannyy islam) [Jadidism (Reformed Islam)]. Kazan’: Institut istorii AN RT.
4. [al-Mardzhani], Shikhabaddin b. Bakhaaddin al-Gazani. 2005. «Poslanie «Privlechenie vnimaniya sovremennikov k ochishcheniyu svedeniy ob Abu-n-Nasre» [Risala tanbikh abna al-’asr ’ala tanzikh anba Abi-n-Nasr]» [Message «Attracting the attention of contemporaries to the clarifying of information about Abu n-Nasr»]. V Abun-Nasr ‘Abd an-Nasir al-Kursavi. Nastavlenie lyudey na put’ istiny (al-Irshad li-l– ‘ibad) [The instruction of people to the path of truth], 225–233. Kazan’: Tatar. kn. izd-vo.
5. Mardzhani, Shikhabutdin. 2015. Sbornik statey, posvyashchennyy 100-letiyu Sh. Mardzhani, izdannyy v Kazani v 1915 g. (Antologiya tatarskoy bogoslovskoy mysli) [Collection of articles dedicated to the 100th anniversary of S. Mardzhani, published in Kazan in 1915 (Anthology of Tatar theological thought)], red. 2015. Kazan’: Tatarskoe kn. izd-vo.
6. Mardzhani, Shigabutdin. 2008. Zrelaya mudrost’ v raz»yasnenii dogmatov anNasafi (Kitab al-Khikma al-baliga al dzhaniyya fi shcharkh al-‘akaid al-khanafi yya) [Mature wisdom in clarifying the dogmas of an-Nasafi ]. Kazan’: Tatar. kn. izd-vo.
7. Khabibullin, R. R. 2015. «Reformatorskie vzglyady G. Barudi» [The Reformed Views of G. Barudi]. Bigievskie chteniya: bogoslovskaya mysl’ rossiyskikh musul’man XIX– nach. XX vv.: sbornik nauchnykh statey. Moskva: Izdatel’skiy dom «Medina»: 30–38.
8. Shura. 1914. 1: 1,2.
9. Kemper, Mikhael’. 1999. «Mezhdu Bukharoy i Sredney Volgoy: stolknovenie abd an-Nasra al-Kursavi s ulemami traditsionalistami» [Between Bukhara and the Middle Volga: the clash of abd al-Nasra al-Kursavi with the ulama traditionalists]. Mir islama1/2: 163–174.
10. Shagaviev, Damir. 2016. «Bogoslovskiy traktat Shikhab ad-dina al-Mardzhani «Nazurat al-khakk»« [Theological treatise Shihab ad-din al-Mardzani «Nazurat al-haqq»]. Islam v sovremennom mire. Tom 12 (1): 41–48.
11. Ad-din val’-adab. 1916. 13: 347.
12. Ad-din val’-adab. 1916. 14: 380.
13. Ad-din val’-adab. 1913. 24: 742–744.
14. Batyr, Rustam. 2017. «Segodnya Galimdzhan Barudi vryad li by proshel attestatsiyu v DUM RT» [«Today, Galimdzan Barudi would hardly have passed the certifi cation at the SAM of TR»]. Biznes-gazeta. 25 marta https://www.business-gazeta.ru/blog/340899
15. Khabutdinov, Aydar. 2010. «Kakim dolzhen byt’ muftiy i ulem: primer Rizaetdina Fakhretdina (1858–1936)» [What should be the mufti and the ulama: the example of Rizaetdin Fakhretdin (1858–1936)]. Ramazanovskiy chteniya 5: http://www.idmedina.ru/books/history_culture/?3434#_ftnref1
16. Gafarov, A. A. 2014. Rossiyskie musul’mane v kontekste obshcheislamskoy modernizatsii (XIX – nachalo XX vv.) [Russian Muslims in the context of common Islamic modernization (XIX – early XX centuries)]. Kazan’: Izd-vo Kazan. un-ta.
17. Fakhretdin, Rizaetdin. 2018. Ibn Taymiyya [Ibn Taymiyyah]. Moskva: Forum.
18. Istoriya Korana i ego svodov [History of the Quran and its Sources] / Musa Bigiev; per. s arabsk.; pod obshch. red. D.V. Mukhetdinova. M.: ID «Medina»; 2016.
19. Zarkone, T. 1997. «Sufi zm v tatarskom mire v nachale XX veka (Musa Yarulla Bigiev i odin iz polemicheskikh aspektov etoy problemy)» [Sufi sm in the Tatar world at the beginning of the 20th century (Musa Yarulla Bigiyev and one of the polemical aspects of this problem)]. Materialy mezhdunarodnogo simpoziuma «Islam v tatarskom mire: istoriya i sovremennost’ 12: https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/ru/content/sufi zm-v-tatarskommire-v-nachale-xx-veka
20. Musa Dzharullakh Bigiev. Izbrannye trudy v dvukh tomakh [Selected works in two volumes]. T. 1. 2005. Kazan’: Tatar. kn. izd-vo.
21. Guseva, Yu. N. 2013. Ishanizm kak sufi yskaya traditsiya Sredney Volgi v XX veke: formy, smysly, znachenie [Ishanism as a Sufi tradition of the Middle Volga in the 20th century: forms, meanings, meaning]. Moskva: ID «Medina».
22. Adigamov, R. K. 2018. «Stanovlenie i razvitie bogoslovskoy mysli tatar: istoriya i tendentsii» [Formation and development of theological thought of the Tatars: history and tendencies]. Vestnik RUDN. Seriya: Istoriya Rossii 3: 551–580.
Review
For citations:
Seidametov E.Kh. The Cult of Saints in the Religious Views of the Tatar Jadid Ulama of the late 18th – early 20th century. Minbar. Islamic Studies. 2019;12(3):726-742. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2019-12-3-726-742
Views:
1613
Email this article 