The concept of tolerance in Islam and its practical implementation
https://doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2024-17-2-371-381
Abstract
The relevance of the study is related to the study of the concept of tolerance in Islam. Despite the large number of works on this topic, there is no clear definition of tolerance either in the Quran or in the Sunnah, which sets a broad framework for interpretation. At the same time, the general scientific definition of tolerance is not suitable because it does not exclude the complete acceptance of the opponent’s position, which is not applicable not only to Islam, but also to other Abrahamic religions. The postulate of freedom of religion remains unchanged in accordance with verse 2:256/ Moreover the papers provides some situational examples from the life of the Prophet Muhammad and Muslim rulers, who used tolerance as a tool of interaction and influence on the non-Muslim population and protecting the religious consciousness of Muslims from other beliefs and ideologies.
About the Author
R. A. FatkhullinRussian Federation
Ramis A. Fatkhullin, Postgraduate Student at the Department of Historical, Social and Philosophical Disciplines, Oriental Studies and Theology, Pyatigorsk State University; Deputy Head of the Interreligious Dialogue Center
Bolgar
References
1. Kasyanova E.I. Sotsial'no-filosofskie osnovaniya tolerantnosti: avtoref. diss. ... doc. filos. nauk [Socio-philosophical foundations of tolerance: abstract of a doctoral thesis in Philosophy]. Ulan-Ude, 2009. 46 p. (In Russian)
2. Artsybashev I.G. Tsennostnoe soderzhanie religioznoy tolerantnosti i veroterpimosti: rossiyskiy opyt: avtoref. diss. ... kand. filos. nauk [The value content of religious tolerance and toleration: Russian experience: abstract of a candidate thesis in Philosophy]. Ekaterinburg, 2008. 27 p. (In Russian)
3. Kalyam Sharif. Perevod smyslov [Kalam Sharif. Translation of meanings]. Kazan: Khuzur Press; 2020. 652 p. (In Russian)
4. Ibrahim T.K. Koranicheskiy gumanizm. Tolerantno-plyuralisticheskie ustanovki [Koranic humanism. Tolerant-pluralistic attitudes]. Moscow: Medina Press; 2015. 576 p. (In Russian)
5. Ibragim T.K., Efremova N.V. Sira: Zhizneopisanie proroka Mukhammada (uglublennoe izuchenie istorii i kul'tury islama) [Sira: Biography of the Prophet Muhammad (in-depth study of the history and culture of Islam)]. Vol. 2. Part 1. Kazan: Magarif; 2008. 439 p. (In Russian)
6. As-Sallaby A.M. Zhizneopisanie Proroka. Izlozhenie sobytiy i ikh analiz. T. 1 [Biography of the Prophet. Presentation of events and their analysis Vol. 1]. Sorokoumova E. (trans. from Arabic). Moscow: Al-Kitab Publ.; 2012. 624 p. (In Russian)
7. Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf. Khadisy i Zhizn': 19 tom. Prorok, yavivshiysya miru milost'yu [Hadith and Life: 19 vol. A prophet who appeared to the world in mercy]. Polosin A.V. (exec. edit). Moscow: The Hilal Press; 2013. 610 p. (In Russian)
8. Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalani. Bulyug al'-maram. Dostizhenie tseli v uyasnenii osnov Shariata [Bulugh al-maram. Achieving the goal of understanding the basics of Shariah]. Kuliev E. R. (trans. from Arabic). Moscow: Ezhaev Press; 2011. 336 p. (In Russian)
9. Abu Yusuf Yaqub b. Ibrahim al-Kufi. Kitab al-Kharadzh [Kitab al-Kharaj]. Schmidt A.E. (trans. from Arabic). St. Petersburg: Petersburg Oriental Studies; 2001. 415 p. (In Russian)
10. Kadyrova K.A. Religiozno-pravovoy status nemusul'man v rannem islame (VII — ser. XI v.) [Religious and legal status of non-Muslims in early Islam (the VII and the mid-XI centuries)]. Vestnik RUDN. Seriya Vseobshchaya istoriya [Bulletin of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. General History series]. 2009; 4:15–26. (In Russian)
11. Masarat al-tasamuh fi-l-islam wa-l-masihiyyah [Vectors of tolerance in Islam and Christianity]. Dubai: Markaz al-misbar li-l-dirasat wa-l-buhuth; 2019. 221 p. (In Arabic)
12. Girgas V.F. Prava khristian na Vostoke po musul'manskim zakonam [The Rights of Christians in the East under Muslim laws]. St. Petersburg: V. Golovin Рrinting House; 1865. 116 p. (In Russian)
13. Mets A. Musul'manskiy Renessans [Muslim Renaissance]. Moscow: ViM Press; 1996. 544 p. (In Russian)
14. John P. Dolan. Medieval Christian tolerance and the Muslim world. The Muslim World. Hartford. 2000;4:280–287.
15. Gainutdin R. Islam protiv terrorizma [Islam against terrorism]. Asia and Africa today. 2005;6:41–52. (In Russian)
16. Huntington S. Stolknovenie tsivilizatsiy [Clash of Civilizations]. Moscow: AST Press; 2006. 660 p. (In Russian)
Review
For citations:
Fatkhullin R.A. The concept of tolerance in Islam and its practical implementation. Minbar. Islamic Studies. 2024;17(2):371-381. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2024-17-2-371-381