For citations:

Gainutdinov K.M., Davletshina L.Kh. The functioning of the institution of abistayhood among the Tatars until the beginning of the 20th century. Minbar. Islamic Studies. 2025;18(3):524-539. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2025-18-3-524-539