The Islamic World and Digital Threats of the 21st Century
https://doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2019-12-1-95-110
Abstract
The article analyzes the stages and reasons for involvement of the Islamic world in digital wars and the cyber arms race. Digital threats are carried not only by Muslim states that claim to be regional leaders in the Middle East, South and Southeast Asia, but also by non-state actors – groups of highly skilled hackers, hacktivists, «lone wolves», radical extremist Islamist groups. The realities of the digital age significantly enhance the heterogeneity and inconsistency of the modern Islamic world. It puts on the international agenda the question of increasing global cooperation in the cyber arm control process as well as the settlement of the most pressing issues of Muslim countries and communities.
Keywords
UDC: 94(5-011)+327(5-011)+28+004.777+004.056.53
About the Author
G. N. ValiakhmetovaRussian Federation
Gulnara N. Valiakhmetova, Ph. D (Hist.), Professor, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg
References
1. Libicki M. Cyberdeterrence and Cyberwar. Santa Monica: RAND; 2009. Available at: http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/monographs/2009/RAND_MG877.pdf [Accessed 28.10.2018].
2. Clarke R. A., Knake R. Cyber War. The Next Threat to National Security and What to Do About It. New York: Harper Collins e-books; 2010. Available at: https://www.harpercollins.com/9780061962233/cyber-war [Accessed 28.10.2018].
3. Futter A. Nuclear Weapons in the Cyber Age: New Challenges for Security, Strategy and Stability. Valdai Club. Valdai Paper 56. September 2016. Available at: http://valdaiclub.com/a/valdai-papers/valdai-paper-56-nuclear-weapons-in-the-cyber-age-n/ [Accessed 28.10.2018].
4. Simonenko M. Stuxnet and Nuclear Enrichment of International Information Security Regime. Security Index. 2013;19(1):233–248. (In Russ.)
5. Kabernik V. V. Approaches to Cyber Weapons Classification Problem. Bulletin of MGIMO University. 2013;(2):72–78. (In Russ.)
6. Siboni G., Kronenfeld S. Developments in Iranian Cyber Warfare 2013–2014. Military and Strategic Affairs. August 2014;6(2):83–104. Available at: http://www.inss.org.il/uploadImages/systemFiles/SiboniKronenfeld.pdf [Accessed 28.10.2018].
7. Khairutdinov A. The cyber-police state is already a reality. Islam Today. March 18, 2018. Available at: https://islam-today.ru/blogi/ajdar_xajrutdinov/kiber-policejskoegosudarstvo-uze-realnost/ [Accessed 18.10.2018]. (In Russ.)
Review
For citations:
Valiakhmetova G.N. The Islamic World and Digital Threats of the 21st Century. Minbar. Islamic Studies. 2019;12(1):95-110. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2019-12-1-95-110